mirror of https://github.com/apache/superset.git
427 lines
17 KiB
ReStructuredText
427 lines
17 KiB
ReStructuredText
Installation & Configuration
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============================
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Getting Started
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---------------
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Superset is tested against Python ``2.7`` and Python ``3.4``.
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Airbnb currently uses 2.7.* in production. We do not plan on supporting
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Python ``2.6``.
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OS dependencies
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---------------
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Superset stores database connection information in its metadata database.
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For that purpose, we use the ``cryptography`` Python library to encrypt
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connection passwords. Unfortunately this library has OS level dependencies.
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You may want to attempt the next step
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("Superset installation and initialization") and come back to this step if
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you encounter an error.
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Here's how to install them:
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For **Debian** and **Ubuntu**, the following command will ensure that
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the required dependencies are installed: ::
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sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python-dev python-pip libsasl2-dev libldap2-dev
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For **Fedora** and **RHEL-derivatives**, the following command will ensure
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that the required dependencies are installed: ::
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sudo yum upgrade python-setuptools
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sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ libffi-devel python-devel python-pip python-wheel openssl-devel libsasl2-devel openldap-devel
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**OSX**, system python is not recommended. brew's python also ships with pip ::
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brew install pkg-config libffi openssl python
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env LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib" CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include" pip install cryptography==1.7.2
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**Windows** isn't officially supported at this point, but if you want to
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attempt it, download `get-pip.py <https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py>`_, and run ``python get-pip.py`` which may need admin access. Then run the following: ::
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C:\> pip install cryptography
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# You may also have to create C:\Temp
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C:\> md C:\Temp
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Python virtualenv
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-----------------
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It is recommended to install Superset inside a virtualenv. Python 3 already ships virtualenv, for
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Python 2 you need to install it. If it's packaged for your operating systems install it from there
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otherwise you can install from pip: ::
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pip install virtualenv
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You can create and activate a virtualenv by: ::
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# virtualenv is shipped in Python 3 as pyvenv
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virtualenv venv
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. ./venv/bin/activate
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On windows the syntax for activating it is a bit different: ::
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venv\Scripts\activate
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Once you activated your virtualenv everything you are doing is confined inside the virtualenv.
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To exit a virtualenv just type ``deactivate``.
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Python's setup tools and pip
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----------------------------
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Put all the chances on your side by getting the very latest ``pip``
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and ``setuptools`` libraries.::
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pip install --upgrade setuptools pip
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Superset installation and initialization
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----------------------------------------
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Follow these few simple steps to install Superset.::
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# Install superset
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pip install superset
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# Create an admin user (you will be prompted to set username, first and last name before setting a password)
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fabmanager create-admin --app superset
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# Initialize the database
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superset db upgrade
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# Load some data to play with
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superset load_examples
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# Create default roles and permissions
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superset init
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# Start the web server on port 8088, use -p to bind to another port
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superset runserver
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# To start a development web server, use the -d switch
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# superset runserver -d
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After installation, you should be able to point your browser to the right
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hostname:port `http://localhost:8088 <http://localhost:8088>`_, login using
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the credential you entered while creating the admin account, and navigate to
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`Menu -> Admin -> Refresh Metadata`. This action should bring in all of
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your datasources for Superset to be aware of, and they should show up in
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`Menu -> Datasources`, from where you can start playing with your data!
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Please note that *gunicorn*, Superset default application server, does not
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work on Windows so you need to use the development web server.
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The development web server though is not intended to be used on production systems
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so better use a supported platform that can run *gunicorn*.
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Configuration behind a load balancer
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------------------------------------
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If you are running superset behind a load balancer or reverse proxy (e.g. NGINX
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or ELB on AWS), you may need to utilise a healthcheck endpoint so that your
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load balancer knows if your superset instance is running. This is provided
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at ``/health`` which will return a 200 response containing "OK" if the
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webserver is running.
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If the load balancer is inserting X-Forwarded-For/X-Forwarded-Proto headers, you
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should set `ENABLE_PROXY_FIX = True` in the superset config file to extract and use
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the headers.
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Configuration
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-------------
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To configure your application, you need to create a file (module)
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``superset_config.py`` and make sure it is in your PYTHONPATH. Here are some
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of the parameters you can copy / paste in that configuration module: ::
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#---------------------------------------------------------
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# Superset specific config
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#---------------------------------------------------------
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ROW_LIMIT = 5000
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SUPERSET_WORKERS = 4
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SUPERSET_WEBSERVER_PORT = 8088
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#---------------------------------------------------------
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#---------------------------------------------------------
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# Flask App Builder configuration
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#---------------------------------------------------------
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# Your App secret key
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SECRET_KEY = '\2\1thisismyscretkey\1\2\e\y\y\h'
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# The SQLAlchemy connection string to your database backend
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# This connection defines the path to the database that stores your
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# superset metadata (slices, connections, tables, dashboards, ...).
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# Note that the connection information to connect to the datasources
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# you want to explore are managed directly in the web UI
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SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'sqlite:////path/to/superset.db'
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# Flask-WTF flag for CSRF
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CSRF_ENABLED = True
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# Set this API key to enable Mapbox visualizations
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MAPBOX_API_KEY = ''
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This file also allows you to define configuration parameters used by
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Flask App Builder, the web framework used by Superset. Please consult
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the `Flask App Builder Documentation
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<http://flask-appbuilder.readthedocs.org/en/latest/config.html>`_
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for more information on how to configure Superset.
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Please make sure to change:
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* *SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI*, by default it is stored at *~/.superset/superset.db*
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* *SECRET_KEY*, to a long random string
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Database dependencies
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---------------------
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Superset does not ship bundled with connectivity to databases, except
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for Sqlite, which is part of the Python standard library.
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You'll need to install the required packages for the database you
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want to use as your metadata database as well as the packages needed to
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connect to the databases you want to access through Superset.
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Here's a list of some of the recommended packages.
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| database | pypi package | SQLAlchemy URI prefix |
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+===============+=====================================+=================================================+
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| MySQL | ``pip install mysqlclient`` | ``mysql://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Postgres | ``pip install psycopg2`` | ``postgresql+psycopg2://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Presto | ``pip install pyhive`` | ``presto://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Oracle | ``pip install cx_Oracle`` | ``oracle://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| sqlite | | ``sqlite://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Redshift | ``pip install sqlalchemy-redshift`` | ``postgresql+psycopg2://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| MSSQL | ``pip install pymssql`` | ``mssql://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Impala | ``pip install impyla`` | ``impala://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| SparkSQL | ``pip install pyhive`` | ``jdbc+hive://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Greenplum | ``pip install psycopg2`` | ``postgresql+psycopg2://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Athena | ``pip install "PyAthenaJDBC>1.0.9"``| ``awsathena+jdbc://`` |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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| Vertica | ``pip install | ``vertica+vertica_python://`` |
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| | sqlalchemy-vertica-python`` | |
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+---------------+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
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Note that many other database are supported, the main criteria being the
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existence of a functional SqlAlchemy dialect and Python driver. Googling
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the keyword ``sqlalchemy`` in addition of a keyword that describes the
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database you want to connect to should get you to the right place.
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(AWS) Athena
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------------
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This currently relies on an unreleased future version of `PyAthenaJDBC <https://github.com/laughingman7743/PyAthenaJDBC>`_. If you're adventurous or simply impatient, you can install directly from git: ::
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pip install git+https://github.com/laughingman7743/PyAthenaJDBC@support_sqlalchemy
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The connection string for Athena looks like this ::
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awsathena+jdbc://{aws_access_key_id}:{aws_secret_access_key}@athena.{region_name}.amazonaws.com/{schema_name}?s3_staging_dir={s3_staging_dir}&...
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Where you need to escape/encode at least the s3_staging_dir, i.e., ::
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s3://... -> s3%3A//...
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Caching
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-------
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Superset uses `Flask-Cache <https://pythonhosted.org/Flask-Cache/>`_ for
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caching purpose. Configuring your caching backend is as easy as providing
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a ``CACHE_CONFIG``, constant in your ``superset_config.py`` that
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complies with the Flask-Cache specifications.
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Flask-Cache supports multiple caching backends (Redis, Memcached,
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SimpleCache (in-memory), or the local filesystem). If you are going to use
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Memcached please use the `pylibmc` client library as `python-memcached` does
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not handle storing binary data correctly. If you use Redis, please install
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the `redis <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/redis>`_ Python package: ::
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pip install redis
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For setting your timeouts, this is done in the Superset metadata and goes
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up the "timeout searchpath", from your slice configuration, to your
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data source's configuration, to your database's and ultimately falls back
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into your global default defined in ``CACHE_CONFIG``.
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Deeper SQLAlchemy integration
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-----------------------------
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It is possible to tweak the database connection information using the
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parameters exposed by SQLAlchemy. In the ``Database`` edit view, you will
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find an ``extra`` field as a ``JSON`` blob.
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.. image:: _static/img/tutorial/add_db.png
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:scale: 30 %
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This JSON string contains extra configuration elements. The ``engine_params``
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object gets unpacked into the
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`sqlalchemy.create_engine <http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/core/engines.html#sqlalchemy.create_engine>`_ call,
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while the ``metadata_params`` get unpacked into the
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`sqlalchemy.MetaData <http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/rel_1_0/core/metadata.html#sqlalchemy.schema.MetaData>`_ call. Refer to the SQLAlchemy docs for more information.
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Schemas (Postgres & Redshift)
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-----------------------------
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Postgres and Redshift, as well as other database,
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use the concept of **schema** as a logical entity
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on top of the **database**. For Superset to connect to a specific schema,
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there's a **schema** parameter you can set in the table form.
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SSL Access to databases
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-----------------------
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This example worked with a MySQL database that requires SSL. The configuration
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may differ with other backends. This is what was put in the ``extra``
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parameter ::
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{
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"metadata_params": {},
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"engine_params": {
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"connect_args":{
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"sslmode":"require",
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"sslrootcert": "/path/to/my/pem"
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}
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}
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}
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Druid
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-----
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* From the UI, enter the information about your clusters in the
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``Admin->Clusters`` menu by hitting the + sign.
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* Once the Druid cluster connection information is entered, hit the
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``Admin->Refresh Metadata`` menu item to populate
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* Navigate to your datasources
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Note that you can run the ``superset refresh_druid`` command to refresh the
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metadata from your Druid cluster(s)
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CORS
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-----
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The extra CORS Dependency must be installed:
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superset[cors]
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The following keys in `superset_config.py` can be specified to configure CORS:
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* ``ENABLE_CORS``: Must be set to True in order to enable CORS
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* ``CORS_OPTIONS``: options passed to Flask-CORS (`documentation <http://flask-cors.corydolphin.com/en/latest/api.html#extension>`)
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MIDDLEWARE
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----------
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Superset allows you to add your own middleware. To add your own middleware, update the ``ADDITIONAL_MIDDLEWARE`` key in
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your `superset_config.py`. ``ADDITIONAL_MIDDLEWARE`` should be a list of your additional middleware classes.
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For example, to use AUTH_REMOTE_USER from behind a proxy server like nginx, you have to add a simple middleware class to
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add the value of ``HTTP_X_PROXY_REMOTE_USER`` (or any other custom header from the proxy) to Gunicorn's ``REMOTE_USER``
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environment variable: ::
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class RemoteUserMiddleware(object):
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def __init__(self, app):
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self.app = app
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def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
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user = environ.pop('HTTP_X_PROXY_REMOTE_USER', None)
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environ['REMOTE_USER'] = user
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return self.app(environ, start_response)
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ADDITIONAL_MIDDLEWARE = [RemoteUserMiddleware, ]
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*Adapted from http://flask.pocoo.org/snippets/69/*
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Upgrading
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---------
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Upgrading should be as straightforward as running::
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pip install superset --upgrade
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superset db upgrade
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superset init
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SQL Lab
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-------
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SQL Lab is a powerful SQL IDE that works with all SQLAlchemy compatible
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databases out there. By default, queries are run in a web request, and
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may eventually timeout as queries exceed the maximum duration of a web
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request in your environment, whether it'd be a reverse proxy or the Superset
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server itself.
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In the modern analytics world, it's not uncommon to run large queries that
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run for minutes or hours.
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To enable support for long running queries that
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execute beyond the typical web request's timeout (30-60 seconds), it is
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necessary to deploy an asynchronous backend, which consist of one or many
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Superset worker, which is implemented as a Celery worker, and a Celery
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broker for which we recommend using Redis or RabbitMQ.
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It's also preferable to setup an async result backend as a key value store
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that can hold the long-running query results for a period of time. More
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details to come as to how to set this up here soon.
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SQL Lab supports templating in queries, and it's possible to override
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the default Jinja context in your environment by defining the
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``JINJA_CONTEXT_ADDONS`` in your superset configuration. Objects referenced
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in this dictionary are made available for users to use in their SQL.
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Making your own build
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---------------------
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For more advanced users, you may want to build Superset from sources. That
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would be the case if you fork the project to add features specific to
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your environment.::
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# assuming $SUPERSET_HOME as the root of the repo
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cd $SUPERSET_HOME/superset/assets
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npm install
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npm run build
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cd $SUPERSET_HOME
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python setup.py install
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Blueprints
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----------
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`Blueprints are Flask's reusable apps <http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.12/blueprints/>`_.
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Superset allows you to specify an array of Blueprints
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an array of Blueprints in your ``superset_config`` module. Here's
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an example on how this can work with a simple Blueprint. By doing
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so, you can expect Superset to serve a page that says "OK"
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at the ``/simple_page`` url. This can allow you to run other things such
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as custom data visualization applications alongside Superset, on the
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same server.
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..code ::
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from flask import Blueprint
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simple_page = Blueprint('simple_page', __name__,
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template_folder='templates')
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@simple_page.route('/', defaults={'page': 'index'})
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@simple_page.route('/<page>')
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def show(page):
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return "Ok"
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BLUEPRINTS = [simple_page]
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